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[CS224W] Lecture 10

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Title
Heterogeneous Graphs and Knowledge Graph Embeddings
๋น„๊ณ 

1. Heterogeneous Graphs and Relational GCN

1. 1. Relational GCN

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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ edge์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” heterogeneous graph
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KG๋Š” heterogeneous graph์˜ ์ผ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ
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RGCN์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ MLP๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ parameter๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ

1. 2. RGCN: Scalability

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Block Diagonal Matrices
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๋ธ”๋กํ™” ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ
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๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๊ธฐ๋Š” node๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋” generalize๋  ์ˆ˜๋„
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Basis Learning
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๊ด€๊ณ„๋ผ๋ฆฌ weight๋ฅผ shareํ•˜๋˜, importance weight term ์ถ”๊ฐ€

1. 3. RGCN for Link Prediction

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4๊ฐœ์˜ edge๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์Šต ์‹œํ‚ด
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์ง€์ง€๋‚œ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์— train/validation/test์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ slide๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์œ ์ถ”ํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด train ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ GNN์˜ weight๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Œ
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๋งˆ์น˜ validation ํ•˜๋“ฏ train supervision ์ง„ํ–‰
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negative edge ํ™œ์šฉ (corruption)

2. Knowledge Graphs: KG Completion with Embeddings

2. 1. Knowledge Graphs

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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด edge์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‹ค knowledge graph๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋“ฏ?
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Knowledge๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” graph (์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ node๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” edge๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ์—†์Œ)

2. 2. Problem in Knowledge Graph Datasets

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Missing link๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ
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Missing ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ๋“ฏ

3. Knowledge Graph Completion TransE, TransR, DistMul, ComplEx

3. 1. Relation Patterns

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์ €๋Ÿฐ ์‹์˜ missing edge๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ
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h, r, t๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์Šต
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์ด 4๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ •์˜

3. 2. TransE

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node2vec ๊ฐ™์€ ๋А๋‚Œ
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ

3. 3. TransR

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Mapping ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ TransE
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๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š” composition ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์—๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ด

3. 4. DistMul

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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ
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์ƒ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€? element wise?
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์ด๊ฑฐ๊นŒ์ง„ ๋จ
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์ด๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋จ

3. 5. ComplEx

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๋ณต์†Œ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค
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DisitMul์ด๋ž‘ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ ๋ณต์†Œ์ˆ˜ ํ™œ์šฉ
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
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TransR ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์Œ